Ioannis Metaxas
Greek politician
Died when: 69 years 292 days (837 months)Star Sign: Aries
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Ioannis Metaxas (/ˈmɛtəksæs/;Greek: Ιωάννης Μεταξάς; 12 April 1871 – 29 January 1941) was a Greek military officer and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Greece from 1936 until his death in 1941.
He governed constitutionally for the first four months of his tenure, and thereafter as the strongman of the 4th of August Regime following his appointment by King George II.
Born to an aristocratic family in Ithaca, Metaxas took part in the Greco-Turkish War of 1897 and the Balkan Wars (1912–13), and quickly rose through the ranks of the Hellenic Army.
A Monarchist during the National Schism, Metaxas unsuccessfully opposed Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos and Greece's entry in World War I; thus he was exiled to Corsica in 1917.
On his return, Metaxas moved into politics and founded the Freethinkers' Party, but had only limited success under the Second Hellenic Republic.
The Greek monarchy was restored in 1935, and Metaxas was appointed Prime Minister in April 1936.On 4 August 1936, with the support of King George II, Metaxas initiated a self-coup and established an authoritarian nationalist anti-communist regime.
Metaxas attempted to maintain Greek neutrality early in the Second World War.On 28 October 1940, Metaxas rejected an ultimatum imposed by the Italians to surrender, committing Greece to the Allies and bringing the country into the war.
He died in January 1941, before the German invasion and subsequent fall of Greece.
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